Wordpress Redis

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Introduction

Docker is a great technology which can be used for many purposes. One purpose for using Docker is to deploy WordPress. This tutorial covers deploying multiple WordPress websites on Docker. For this demo we are deploying etopian.com, replace that with your custom domain.

A persistent object cache backend powered by Redis. Supports Predis, PhpRedis (PECL), Credis, HHVM, replication, clustering and WP-CLI. To adjust the connection parameters, prefix cache keys or configure replication/clustering, please see Other Notes. In this article, you will learn to set up the Redis Object Cache plugin that is easily installed within your WordPress site. Check the steps below for installing and then using the Redis Object Cache plugin to improve the performance of your WordPress site. Steps to Install Redis Object Cache. Login to your WordPress Administrator Dashboard.

Our custom Docker image

The following is a quick tutorial for deploying your site on Docker. It has been tested and works with sites like www.etopian.com. It also supports using an SSL certificate. It uses Alpine Linux for serving the actual site, the beautiful thing is that a site can be served in around 50mb of ram. Using the process below you can deploy multiple WP sites on the same box, at least 10 sites on a 1gb VPS extremely securely as each site lives in its own container. This container uses Alpine Linux Edge with PHP7. We have found this to be a stable solution, despite being Edge being the testing branch of Alpine Linux. Our image on github.

Security

The process serving the website, Nginx and PHP-FPM, does not run as root. It's no less secure than running a non-root user like www-data to serve your site. If you can breakout to root within the container, you can potentially get to the host system. But that's absolutely no different than any other Linux system. If you break out of www-data on a normal setup to root, then you have root. See Why use Docker with WordPress for more.

Design decisions

Wordpress redis docker

We do not use Docker's volume feature. Instead all files including the MariaDB data directory are bind mounted directly from the host. All your files are on the host in the /data directory. This helps with backups and is generally a safe way of dealing with files while dealing with Docker. Let's for instance assume that Docker fails to start and you need to rescue your sites. This way all your files including your database are in /data. If you would use Docker's volumes feature then you would not have any access to any of the sites files. All the NGINX config directories are mounted to /etc/nginx on the host for easy editing and management.

Each WordPress Container contains:

  • Nginx
  • PHP-FPM
  • WP-CLI
  • git
  • Rsync
  • Vim
  • Bash

File upload size limit is 2GB

Currently there is no process manager running in the WordPress container, not that this affects things much. We have it on our todo list to use s6 as the process manager. The nginx user is enabled on each container so you can bash into the container as the same user as the site, to use wp-cli. This is a minor security risk. Currrently there is no way to directly SSH into the container, you have to go through the host. There are no plans to add SSH to the container, you have to that yourself if that's something you need.

Install Docker

First install Docker. We are using Docker 1.12.3. We are running Ubuntu Xenial 16.04 LTS

Prepare your WordPress site

Site files need to be located in /data/sites/etopian.com/htdocs, simply copy the files here:

File ownership

The site on your host needs proper file permissions. Go to your site's folder and type the following:

If you are using this image for development on a Linux box, then you will want to edit these files as a different user. You can do that using the following command:

Replace the tokens with their appropriate replacements.

Run NGINX Reverse Proxy Container

This sits in front of all of your sites at port 80 and 443 serving all your sites. It was automatically reconfigure itself and reload itself when you create a new WordPress site container.

Run WordPress Container

Each site runs in its own container with PHP-FPM and Nginx instance.

If you use SSL you need to run your container with the filename of the certificate you are using.

Wordpress

Put your SSL certificate here, with the VIRTUAL_HOST as the file name:

Also check the wp-config section for information on how to modify your wp-config file if you are using SSL/TLS.

Run MySQL/MariaDB Database Container

In order to access MySQL/MariaDB running in a container you need a MySQL client on your host. You can alternatively using the client in the container, described below.

Install MariaDB

Use MySQL from the host

Use MySQL client in the container image

Configure WordPress

wp-config.php

If you need to change the domain of the site put the follow in wp-config.php of your site.

Your site should be working as long as the DNS entries are properly set.

wp-config.php - SSL

Put your SSL certificate here, with the VIRTUAL_HOST as the file name:

If you use SSL you need to run your container with the filename of the certificate you are using. So rm the existing container and recreate a new one with the following environmental variable.

edit wp-config.php in your site's htdocs directory.

wp-config.php

If you need to change the domain of the site put the follow in wp-config.php of your site.

Mail

Mail is not routed by the container, you must use an SMTP plugin or Mailgun or AWS SES to route your site's email.

The reason that mail is not routed is because configuring mail to route from the proper domain on a server is often a headache. A further headache is actualty getting mail delivered from an arbitrary IP. A third issue is that mail servers consume resources. A fourth issue is security. So for all these reasons we decided not to implement mail and instead delegate that task to various providers like Mailgun.

Mailgun WP Plugin works fine in the container but the test to see if it is working will fail because it does not correctly set the e-mail address before attempting to send an e-mail. Simply ignore the error, and test the mail from your actual site to make sure it's working.

  • https://wordpress.org/plugins/mailgun/ (recommended)
  • https://wordpress.org/plugins/wp-ses/
  • https://wordpress.org/plugins/wp-smtp/
  • https://wordpress.org/plugins/easy-wp-smtp/
  • https://wordpress.org/plugins/wp-mail-bank/

Logs

You can view the logs of all your sites using the NGINX proxy container.

If you want to view logs for an individual site, they are in the logs directory on your host.

WP-CLI

WP-CLI is included in the Alpine Linux image. To use it from inside the container in a safe way.

Redis

It is possible to speed up your site with Redis... You need enough memory to support Redis obviously.

You need the following WP plugin:https://wordpress.org/plugins/redis-cache/

Put this in your wp-config.php below the DB_HOST and DB_NAME entries.

Deploy Redis

Go to your site's dashboard and activate the Redis object cache.

Settings > Redis and click the button to activate.

Modifying the image

The image for Alpine Linux running PHP may be found here:https://github.com/etopian/alpine-php-wordpress

You may fork it and modify it to add additional modules and what not.

Adding new PHP modules

The following modules are included with the image etopian/alpine-php-wordpress

List of PHP Modules

List of available modules in Alpine Linux, not all these are installed.

In order to install a php module do, (leave out the version number i.e. -5.7.0.13-r0

Example:

DEVOPly is a hosting control panel which does everything taught in this tutorial automatically and much more, backups, staging/dev/prod, code editor, Github/Bitbucket deployments, DNS, WordPress Management. https://www.devoply.com!

Firewall

Memcached Vs Redis Wordpress

You should also deploy a firewall on your box. However, it's very easy to lock yourself out of your box, so I will not give you exact instructions on how to do it. The following is what I use for my box using arno-iptables-firewall.

Once the firewall is in place, notice when the box reboots, Docker might not start in the right order and therefore the iptables rules it might need might not be initialized and due to this things might not work. Simply restart the Docker service:

Wp Redis

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Omschrijving

Redis

A persistent object cache backend powered by Redis. Supports Predis, PhpRedis (PECL), Credis, HHVM, replication, clustering and WP-CLI.

To adjust the connection parameters, prefix cache keys or configure replication/clustering, please see Other Notes.

Object Cache Pro

A business class Redis object cache backend. Truly reliable, highly optimized, fully customizable and with a dedicated engineer when you most need it.

  • Rewritten for raw performance
  • 100% WordPress API compliant
  • Faster serialization and compression
  • Easy debugging & logging
  • Cache prefetching and analytics
  • Fully unit tested (100% code coverage)
  • Secure connections with TLS
  • Health checks via WordPress & WP CLI
  • Optimized for WooCommerce, Jetpack & Yoast SEO

Learn more about Object Cache Pro.

Drupal Redis

Connection Parameters

By default the object cache drop-in will connect to Redis over TCP at 127.0.0.1:6379 and select database 0.

To adjust the connection parameters, client, timeouts and intervals, please see the connection parameters wiki page.

Configuration Options

The plugin comes with quite a few configuration options, such as key prefixes, a maximum time-to-live for keys, ignored group and many more.

Please see the configuration options wiki page for a full list.

Replication & Clustering

To use Replication, Sharding or Clustering, make sure your server is running PHP7 or higher (HHVM is not supported) and you consulted the Predis or PhpRedis documentation.

Please see the replication & clustering wiki page for more information.

WP-CLI Commands

To see a list of all available WP-CLI commands, please see the WP CLI commands wiki page.

Installatie

For detailed installation instructions, please read the standard installation procedure for WordPress plugins.

  1. Make sure Redis is installed and running.
  2. Install and activate plugin.
  3. Enable the object cache under Settings -> Redis, or in Multisite setups under Network Admin -> Settings -> Redis.
  4. If necessary, adjust connection parameters.

Wordpress Redis Session

If your server doesn’t support the WordPress Filesystem API, you have to manually copy the object-cache.php file from the /plugins/redis-cache/includes/ directory to the /wp-content/ directory.

Beoordelingen

I am using litespeed and now in combination with redis to cache the large databases on particular big wordpress sites. Significant change in time to first byte. You need a server with redis obvious and a license on litespeed. But both do their magic on hardware/server level and not traditional from within wordpress.